Big Data architectures

BDPC · 30 questions

• A city enterprise architect must explain ingestion, storage, processing, and serving layers to non-technical directors. What is the main purpose of those layers?
• Leaders want interactive queries over huge municipal log stores, similar to web-scale query systems. Which architecture pattern should the team emphasize?
• Finance accepts T+1 batch closes, while traffic operations needs minute-level metric refresh. How should architecture reflect both needs?
• A research hospital–city partnership will ingest clinical free text plus structured operations data to support assistive analytics. Which architecture pattern does this sketch reflect?
• A civic video platform for council meetings must encode, store, recommend, and serve recordings at scale. Which reference architecture lesson applies?
• IT runs analytics virtual machines on a virtualized farm and must place Big Data services correctly. What architecture guidance fits?
• Emergency management wants observation ingest, model runs, and public alerts as layered services. Which architecture pattern matches?
• A festival ticketing spike must capture purchase events and analytics without collapsing checkout. What architecture emphasis is required?
• Workforce development wants to map skill connections across regional employers as relationship-heavy data. Which architecture pattern class fits?
• A municipal payments platform needs streaming features that flag anomalous transactions in near real time. Which architecture pattern applies?
• Where do HDFS, YARN, and processing engines typically sit among city Big Data architecture layers?
• Agencies dump every CSV into object storage with no processing or serving plan. What architectural mistake is this?
• The same civic program keeps history in HDFS, user profiles in NoSQL, and finance marts in a warehouse. What architecture idea does this illustrate?
• Architects describe a nightly batch correction path alongside a speed layer that feeds live operational metrics. What architectural idea are they applying?
• Shipping all raw camera video to a distant site before any filter exhausts the city’s WAN budget. What architecture principle should guide the redesign?
• A city lake holds the same mobility and permitting facts, but council packets need polished PDF summaries while dispatch consoles need sub-second lookups. Which architectural idea best explains serving both consumers from one platform?
• Health inspection records and building permits will share a municipal analytics platform, yet privacy rules differ sharply. What should the architecture treat as a cross-cutting design concern rather than a late bolt-on?
• A metro plans a mashup of 311 tickets and continuous IoT curb sensors. Which set of reference-architecture traits should drive the design rather than a favorite vendor slide?
• During a storm, 311 and sensor feeds surge. Which responsibilities belong primarily to the ingestion layer of the Big Data architecture?
• Each night the city enriches parcel records with mobility indices before morning planning views refresh. Where should that enrichment job live in a layered Big Data architecture?
• Bridge-strain gauges must raise alerts within minutes when thresholds trip, yet the municipal warehouse only lands overnight. What architectural response fits?
• Analysts across departments cannot tell which curb-sensor feed is authoritative for downtown counts. Which architectural capability is missing?
• A county hosts analytics for several townships on one shared platform. What multi-tenant concerns must the architecture address?
• Traffic cameras generate continuous video that would overwhelm core ingest if every frame were shipped unchanged. Which architecture option best addresses volume and velocity?
• Emergency operations depend on HDFS-backed analytics and serving clusters during disasters. What should architects align when designing resilience?
• Permitting remains authoritative in a departmental SQL system while a Big Data platform will power citywide analytics. How should the architecture integrate them?
• Open-data crunch weeks spike compute once a month, then demand drops. Which cost-aware architecture choice fits better than always-on oversized clusters?
• Directors ask whether yesterday’s mobility enrichment job finished successfully before morning briefings. What must the architecture include?
• Analysts run multi-hour scans directly against the live permitting OLTP database and clerks report timeouts. What architectural correction addresses the anti-pattern?
• The architecture board maps ingestion, processing, storage, and serving layers before choosing Hadoop, MapReduce, NoSQL, Spark, or Kafka components. Why is that sequencing sound?