Before association on a Passpoint-enabled civic guest service, the capture shows GAS exchanges querying network selection data. What is occurring?
Select an answer to reveal the explanation.
Short Explanation
Passpoint is like reading the museum brochure through the glass before you buy a ticket—ANQP over GAS hands the client roaming and realm info before association. Seeing those GAS frames means Hotspot 2.0 pre-association discovery is working.
Full Explanation
Hotspot 2.0/Passpoint uses ANQP transported over GAS for pre-association queries such as roaming consortium and NAI realm data. Those exchanges appear before association and are expected on Passpoint-enabled guest services. Recognizing them prevents misclassifying legitimate discovery as attack traffic or failed joins.